Astro
/SKILLCréez des sites web axés sur le contenu avec Astro : pas de JavaScript par défaut, architecture en « îlots », composants compatibles avec plusieurs fr
name: astro
description: "Build content-focused websites with Astro — zero JS by default, islands architecture, multi-framework components, and Markdown/MDX support."
category: frontend
risk: safe
source: community
date_added: "2026-03-18"
author: suhaibjanjua
tags: [astro, ssg, ssr, islands, content, markdown, mdx, performance]
tools: [claude, cursor, gemini]
Astro Web Framework
Overview
Astro is a web framework designed for content-rich websites — blogs, docs, portfolios, marketing sites, and e-commerce. Its core innovation is the Islands Architecture: by default, Astro ships zero JavaScript to the browser. Interactive components are selectively hydrated as isolated "islands." Astro supports React, Vue, Svelte, Solid, and other UI frameworks simultaneously in the same project, letting you pick the right tool per component.
When to Use This Skill
- Use when building a blog, documentation site, marketing page, or portfolio
- Use when performance and Core Web Vitals are the top priority
- Use when the project is content-heavy with Markdown or MDX files
- Use when you want SSG (static) output with optional SSR for dynamic routes
- Use when the user asks about
.astrofiles,Astro.props, content collections, orclient:directives
How It Works
Step 1: Project Setup
npm create astro@latest my-site
cd my-site
npm install
npm run devAdd integrations as needed:
npx astro add tailwind # Tailwind CSS
npx astro add react # React component support
npx astro add mdx # MDX support
npx astro add sitemap # Auto sitemap.xml
npx astro add vercel # Vercel SSR adapterProject structure:
src/
pages/ ← File-based routing (.astro, .md, .mdx)
layouts/ ← Reusable page shells
components/ ← UI components (.astro, .tsx, .vue, etc.)
content/ ← Type-safe content collections (Markdown/MDX)
styles/ ← Global CSS
public/ ← Static assets (copied as-is)
astro.config.mjs ← Framework configStep 2: Astro Component Syntax
.astro files have a code fence at the top (server-only) and a template below:
---
// src/components/Card.astro
// This block runs on the server ONLY — never in the browser
interface Props {
title: string;
href: string;
description: string;
}
const { title, href, description } = Astro.props;
---
<article class="card">
<h2><a href={href}>{title}</a></h2>
<p>{description}</p>
</article>
<style>
/* Scoped to this component automatically */
.card { border: 1px solid #eee; padding: 1rem; }
</style>Step 3: File-Based Pages and Routing
src/pages/index.astro → /
src/pages/about.astro → /about
src/pages/blog/[slug].astro → /blog/:slug (dynamic)
src/pages/blog/[...path].astro → /blog/* (catch-all)Dynamic route with getStaticPaths:
---
// src/pages/blog/[slug].astro
export async function getStaticPaths() {
const posts = await getCollection('blog');
return posts.map(post => ({
params: { slug: post.slug },
props: { post },
}));
}
const { post } = Astro.props;
const { Content } = await post.render();
---
<h1>{post.data.title}</h1>
<Content />Step 4: Content Collections
Content collections give you type-safe access to Markdown and MDX files:
// src/content/config.ts
import { z, defineCollection } from 'astro:content';
const blog = defineCollection({
type: 'content',
schema: z.object({
title: z.string(),
date: z.coerce.date(),
tags: z.array(z.string()).default([]),
draft: z.boolean().default(false),
}),
});
export const collections = { blog };---
// src/pages/blog/index.astro
import { getCollection } from 'astro:content';
const posts = (await getCollection('blog'))
.filter(p => !p.data.draft)
.sort((a, b) => b.data.date.valueOf() - a.data.date.valueOf());
---
<ul>
{posts.map(post => (
<li>
<a href={`/blog/${post.slug}`}>{post.data.title}</a>
<time>{post.data.date.toLocaleDateString()}</time>
</li>
))}
</ul>Step 5: Islands — Selective Hydration
By default, UI framework components render to static HTML with no JS. Use client: directives to hydrate:
---
import Counter from '../components/Counter.tsx'; // React component
import VideoPlayer from '../components/VideoPlayer.svelte';
---
<!-- Static HTML — no JavaScript sent to browser -->
<Counter initialCount={0} />
<!-- Hydrate immediately on page load -->
<Counter initialCount={0} client:load />
<!-- Hydrate when the component scrolls into view -->
<VideoPlayer src="/demo.mp4" client:visible />
<!-- Hydrate only when browser is idle -->
<Analytics client:idle />
<!-- Hydrate only on a specific media query -->
<MobileMenu client:media="(max-width: 768px)" />Step 6: Layouts
---
// src/layouts/BaseLayout.astro
interface Props {
title: string;
description?: string;
}
const { tit